Significantly higher gross and net primary production rates were also recorded under ambient temperature and high light conditions, which were approximately two-fold compared to the rest of the treatments. Plants incubated at ambient temperature and high light exhibited an enhanced total chlorophyll production. Primary production, chlorophyll content, reactive oxygen species production, polyphenols content, the nifH gene expression, N 2 fixation, and alkaline phosphatase activities were measured in different plant tissues. Aquarium experiments were conducted in winter, when the plants are more vulnerable to changes in temperature, subjecting them to short-term exposures to an ambient (15.5☌) and elevated temperatures (ambient+5.5☌), and at limited (13 μmol photons m −2 s −1) and saturating light conditions (124 μmol photons m −2 s −1). The purpose of this study is to assess the effects of different light levels and temperatures on Posidonia oceanica the endemic seagrass species in the Mediterranean Sea, and their N 2-fixing community, which contributes importantly to the nitrogen requirements and high productivity of the plants. Their effects on the productivity of seagrasses and the functioning of their associated microorganisms have not been studied extensively. The increasing occurrence of heat waves and water turbidity are threats to the persistence of seagrass meadows. Marine Ecology and Systematics (MarES), Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain.Manuela Gertrudis García-Márquez *, Víctor Fernández-Juárez, José Carlos Rodríguez-Castañeda and Nona S.
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